Carbohydrates are chemical compounds made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, that are formed in plants and make up most of their connective tissue. They are an important nutrient for animals and humans and are, therefore, a major food class. Human and animal digestive systems convert carbohydrates into blood sugar to provide energy for muscles and organs. Extra sugar that the body does not need is stored in the liver and muscles for later use.
Carbohydrates are the body's main source of fuel along with proteins and fats. There are both simple and complex types of carbohydrate and this is dependent on their chemical structure. Simple carbohydrates include sugars found in fruits, vegetables and milk products which occur naturally. Complex carbohydrates are found in legumes, breads and cereals, and starchy vegetables. Complex carbohydrates are, generally, good sources of fiber.
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