What Does Radiation Safety Mean?
Radiation safety refers to safety issues related to radiation hazards arising from the handling of radioactive materials or chemicals and exposure to x-ray from x-ray machines, electron microscopes, particle accelerators, atomic energy plants, nuclear explosions or accidents etc.. Radiation is extremely harmful to humans and animals. It can cause death or short to long-term radiation sickness by damaging organs and tissues.
Safeopedia Explains Radiation Safety
There are two basic types of radiation.
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Non-ionizing radiation such as visible light, microwave and radio wave do not do much harm to the tissues (unless concentrated)
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Ionizing radiation removes electrons from atoms and releases immense energy. This includes alpha particles, beta particles, x-ray and gamma ray and neutrons, which destabilize molecules in the cells and tissues, hence causing failure of organs, and ultimately death of the individual or long to short-term radiation sickness
Implementation of radiation safety in the workplace is, therefore, a statutory requirement for the employer (as low as reasonably achievable or ALARA). It is needed to make the workplace a radiation hazard-free zone and have positive control with maximum caution and preventions to protect the employees.
Following is a list of possible sources of radiation in the workplace:
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Medical industry - x-ray machine, radio therapy and some radioactive chemicals used in cancer treatment.
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Food industry - some food contains radioactive materials. Some food processing use radioactive materials
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Metal Industry -ore containing radioactive material is released during processing
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Nuclear power plant - the reactor uses radioactive materials
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Nuclear weapons - the factory and the military personnel using nuclear weapons are at risk of radioactivity
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Astronauts - may receive x-ray and Gamma rays in the unprotected space
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Consumer products - smoke detectors, luminous watches and gas mantles etc.